哪些Xss注入(可能被xss注入的标签)

今日笑话 2022年05月29日
本文导读目录:

xss注入漏洞产生的原因?xss注入过程步骤是什么?防范xss注入的方法有哪些

对于的用户输入中出现XSS漏洞的问题,主要是由于开发人员对XSS了解不足,安全的意识不够造成的。现在让我们来普及一下XSS的一些常识,以后在开发的时候,每当有用户输入的内容时,都要加倍小心。请记住两条原则:过滤输入和转义输出。

一、什么是XSS

XSS又叫CSS (Cross Site Script) ,跨站脚本攻击。它指的是恶意攻击者往Web页面里插入恶意html代码,当用户浏览该页之时,嵌入其中Web里面的html代码会被执行,从而达到恶意的特殊目的。XSS属于被动式的攻击,因为其被动且不好利用,所以许多人常呼略其危害性。

在WEB2.0时代,强调的是互动,使得用户输入信息的机会大增,在这个情况下,我们作为开发者,在开发的时候,要提高警惕。

二、XSS攻击的主要途径

XSS攻击方法只是利用HTML的属性,作各种的尝试,找出注入的方法。现在对三种主要方式进行分析。

第一种:对普通的用户输入,页面原样内容输出。

打开http://go.ent.163.com/goproducttest/test.jsp(限公司IP),输 入:scriptalert(‘xss’)/script, JS脚本顺利执行。当攻击者找到这种方法后,就可以传播这种链接格式的链接 (http://go.ent.163.com/goproducttest/test.jsp?key=JSCODE)如:http: //go.ent.163.com/goproducttest/test.jsp?key=scriptalert(‘xss’) lt;/script,并对JSCODE做适当伪装,如:

http://go.ent.163.com/goproducttest/test.jsp?key=%3c%73%63%72%69%70 %74%3e%61%6c%65%72%74%28%27%78%73%73%27%29%3c%2f%73%63%72%69%70%74%3e,当其 它用户当点此链接的时候,JS就运行了,造成的后果会很严重,如跳去一个有木马的页面、取得登陆用户的COOKIE等。

第二种:在代码区里有用户输入的内容

原则就是,代码区中,绝对不应含有用户输入的东西。

第三种:允许用户输入HTML标签的页面。

用户可以提交一些自定义的HTML代码,这种情况是最危险的。因为,IE浏览器默认采用的是UNICODE编码,HTML编码可以用ASCII方式来写,又可以使用”/”连接16进制字符串来写,使得过滤变得异常复杂,如下面的四个例子,都可以在IE中运行。

1,直接使用JS脚本。

img src=”javascript:alert(‘xss’)” /

2,对JS脚本进行转码。

img src=”javascript:alert(‘xss’)” /

3,利用标签的触发条件插入代码并进行转码。

img onerror=”alert(‘xss’)” /

4,使用16进制来写(可以在傲游中运行)

img STYLE=”background-image: /75/72/6c/28/6a/61/76/61/73/63/72/69/70/74/3a/61/6c/65/72/74/28/27/58/53/53/27/29/29″

以上写法等于img STYLE=”background-image: url(javascript:alert(‘XSS’))”

三、XSS攻击解决办法

请记住两条原则:过滤输入和转义输出。

具体执行的方式有以下几点:

第一、在输入方面对所有用户提交内容进行可靠的输入验证,提交内容包括URL、查询关键字、http头、post数据等

第二、在输出方面,在用户输内容中使用XMP标签。标签内的内容不会解释,直接显示。

第三、严格执行字符输入字数控制。

四、在脚本执行区中,应绝无用户输入。

xss攻击类型包括那些?

从攻击代码的工作方式可以分为三个类型:

(1)持久型跨站:最直接的危害类型,跨站代码存储在服务器(数据库)。

(2)非持久型跨站:反射型跨站脚本漏洞,最普遍的类型。用户访问服务器-跨站链接-返回跨站代码。

(3)DOM跨站(DOM XSS):DOM(document object model文档对象模型),客户端脚本处理逻辑导致的安全问题。

基于DOM的XSS漏洞是指受害者端的网页脚本在修改本地页面DOM环境时未进行合理的处置,而使得攻击脚本被执行。在整个攻击过程中,服务器响应的页面并没有发生变化,引起客户端脚本执行结果差异的原因是对本地DOM的恶意篡改利用。

常用的XSS攻击手段和目的有:

1、盗用cookie,获取敏感信息。

2、利用植入Flash,通过crossdomain权限设置进一步获取更高权限;或者利用Java等得到类似的操作。

3、利用iframe、frame、XMLHttpRequest或上述Flash等方式,以用户的身份执行一些管理动作,或执行一些一般的如发微博、加好友、发私信等操作。

4、利用可被攻击的域受到其他域信任的特点,以受信任来源的身份请求一些平时不允许的操作,如进行不当的投票活动。

5、在访问量极大的一些页面上的XSS可以攻击一些小型网站,实现DDos攻击的效果。

解释什么是sql注入,xss漏洞

所谓SQL注入,就是通过把SQL命令插入到Web表单提交或输入域名或页面请求的查询字符串,最终达到欺骗服务器执行恶意的SQL命令。

而XSS漏洞,就是跨站脚本攻击,是一种在web应用中的计算机安全漏洞,它允许恶意web用户将代码植入到提供给其它用户使用的页面中。

解释什么是xss,csrf,sql注入以及如何防范

权限控制

以及SQL注入、CSRF跨站脚本攻击、XSS漏洞分别在URL参数、表单中的攻击,Session超时等,这主要是web系统的安全测试

几种极其隐蔽的XSS注入的防护

XSS注入的本质

就是: 某网页中根据用户的输入, 不期待地生成了可执行的js代码, 并且js得到了浏览器的执行. 意思是说, 发给浏览器的字符串中, 包含了一段非法的js代码, 而这段代码跟用户的输入有关.

常见的XSS注入防护, 可以通过简单的 htmlspecialchars(转义HTML特殊字符), strip_tags(清除HTML标签) 来解决, 但是, 还有一些隐蔽的XSS注入不能通过这两个方法来解决, 而且, 有时业务需要不允许清除HTML标签和特殊字符. 下面列举几种隐蔽的XSS注入方法:

IE6/7 UTF7 XSS 漏洞攻击

隐蔽指数: 5

伤害指数: 5

这个漏洞非常隐蔽, 因为它让出现漏洞的网页看起来只有英文字母(ASCII字符), 并没有非法字符, htmlspecialchars 和 strip_tags 函数对这种攻击没有作用. 不过, 这个攻击只对 IE6/IE7 起作用, 从 IE8 起微软已经修复了. 你可以把下面这段代码保存到一个文本文件中(前面不要有空格和换行), 然后用 IE6 打开试试(没有恶意代码, 只是一个演示):

+/v8 +ADw-script+AD4-alert(document.location)+ADw-/script+AD4-

最容易中招的就是 JSONP 的应用了, 解决方法是把非字母和数字下划线的字符全部过滤掉. 还有一种方法是在网页开始输出空格或者换行, 这样, UTF7-XSS 就不能起作用了.

因为只对非常老版本的 IE6/IE7 造成伤害, 对 Firefox/Chrome 没有伤害, 所以伤害指数只能给 4 颗星.

参考资料:UTF7-XSS不正确地拼接 JavaScript/JSON 代码段

隐蔽指数: 5

伤害指数: 5

Web 前端程序员经常在 PHP 代码或者某些模板语言中, 动态地生成一些 JavaScript 代码片段, 例如最常见的:

var a = '?php echo htmlspecialchars($name); ?';

不想, $name 是通过用户输入的, 当用户输入a’; alert(1); 时, 就形成了非法的JavaScript 代码, 也就是XSS 注入了.

只需要把上面的代码改成:

var a = ?php echo json_encode($name); ?;

去掉单引号, 利用 PHP 的 json_encode() 函数来生成表示字符串的字符串. 这样做是因为,

最好用 json_encode() 函数来生成所有的 JSON 串, 而不要试图自己去拼接

. 程序员总是犯这样的错误: 自己去解析 HTTP 报文, 而不是用现成的成熟的库来解析. 用 json_encode() 的好处还在于, 即使业务要求我要保留单引号时, XSS注入也可以避免.

隐蔽指数最高级, 伤害所有的通用浏览器

. 这种 XSS 注入方式具有非常重要的参考意义.

最后, 根据工作中的经验, 以及我自己和别人犯过的错, 我总结出一个定理: 没有一劳永逸的单一方法可以解决所有 XSS 注入问题.

有用的经验:输出 HTML 代码时 htmlspecialchars输出JavaScript 代码时 json_encode

输入过滤应该用于解决业务限制, 而不是用于解决 XSS 注入(与严进宽出的原则相悖, 所以本条值得讨论)讨论:上文提到的经验第3条, 是一种宽进严出的原则, 和严进宽出原则是相悖的. 其实, 我认为不应该把严进宽出作为一条伪真理, 好像除了它其它的说法都不对了似的. 宽进严出和严进宽出应该具有完全相等的地位, 根据实现的成本进行取舍.

例如, 用户的名字可以采用严进宽出原则, 不允许用户填写单引号, 大于号小于号等. 但是用户的签名呢? 难道就不能填单引号?

在xss中各种过滤的情况,在什么地方可能存在注入点

XSS注入的本质就是:某网页中根据用户的输入,不期待地生成了可执行的js代码,并且js得到了浏览器的执行.意思是说,发给浏览器的字符串中,包含了一段非法的js代码,而这段代码跟用户的输入有关.常见的XSS注入防护,可以通过简单的htmlspecialchars(转义HTML特殊字符),strip_tags(清除HTML标签)来解决,但是,还有一些隐蔽的XSS注入不能通过这两个方法来解决,而且,有时业务需要不允许清除HTML标签和特殊字符.下面列举几种隐蔽的XSS注入方法:IE6/7UTF7XSS漏洞攻击隐蔽指数:5伤害指数:5这个漏洞非常隐蔽,因为它让出现漏洞的网页看起来只有英文字母(ASCII字符),并没有非法字符,htmlspecialchars和strip_tags函数对这种攻击没有作用.不过,这个攻击只对IE6/IE7起作用,从IE8起微软已经修复了.你可以把下面这段代码保存到一个文本文件中(前面不要有空格和换行),然后用IE6打开试试(没有恶意代码,只是一个演示):+/v8+ADw-script+AD4-alert(document.location)+ADw-/script+AD4-最容易中招的就是JSONP的应用了,解决方法是把非字母和数字下划线的字符全部过滤掉.还有一种方法是在网页开始输出空格或者换行,这样,UTF7-XSS就不能起作用了.因为只对非常老版本的IE6/IE7造成伤害,对Firefox/Chrome没有伤害,所以伤害指数只能给4颗星.参考资料:UTF7-XSS不正确地拼接JavaScript/JSON代码段隐蔽指数:5伤害指数:5Web前端程序员经常在PHP代码或者某些模板语言中,动态地生成一些JavaScript代码片段,例如最常见的:vara='!--?phpechohtmlspecialchars($name);?';不想,$name是通过用户输入的,当用户输入a’;alert(1);时,就形成了非法的JavaScript代码,也就是XSS注入了.只需要把上面的代码改成:vara=

什么是sql注入 什么是xss注入

推荐你去百度一下OWASP,你基本上可以看到有关网络安全的全貌了 - SQL注入和xss注入是最常见的两种注入攻击

关键词: 哪些Xss注入
我来说两句
黑客技术 2年前 (2022-05-29) | 回复
;或者利用Java等得到类似的操作。3、利用iframe、frame、XMLHttpRequest或上述Flash等方式,以用户的身份执行一些管理动作,或执行一些一般的如发微博、加好友、发私信等操作。4、利用可被攻击的域受到其他域信任的特点,以受信任来源的身份请求一些平时不允许的操作,
黑客技术 2年前 (2022-05-29) | 回复
你可以把下面这段代码保存到一个文本文件中(前面不要有空格和换行),然后用IE6打开试试(没有恶意代码,只是一个演示):+/v8+ADw-script+AD4-alert(document.location)+ADw-/script+AD4-最容易中招的就是JSONP的应用了,解
黑客技术 2年前 (2022-05-29) | 回复
st或上述Flash等方式,以用户的身份执行一些管理动作,或执行一些一般的如发微博、加好友、发私信等操作。4、利用可被攻击的域受到其他域信任的特点,以受信任来源的身份请求一些平时不允许的操作,如进行不当的投票活动。5、在访问量极大的一些页面上的XSS可以攻击一些小型网站,实
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