xss漏洞容易产生在哪些地方(xss漏洞能做什么)

今日热点 2022年05月30日
本文导读目录:

xss漏洞的正确分类是什么?

根据XSS脚本注入方式的不同,我们可以对XSS攻击进行简单的分类。其中,最常见的就数反射型XSS和存储型XSS了。

1.反射型XSS

反 射型XSS,又称非持久型XSS。之所以称为反射型XSS,则是因为这种攻击方式的注入代码是从目标服务器通过错误信息、搜索结果等等方式“反射”回来 的。而称为非持久型XSS,则是因为这种攻击方式具有一次性。攻击者通过电子邮件等方式将包含注入脚本的恶意链接发送给受害者,当受害者点击该链接时,注 入脚本被传输到目标服务器上,然后服务器将注入脚本“反射”到受害者的浏览器上,从而在该浏览器上执行了这段脚本。

当 受害者点击这个链接的时候,注入的脚本被当作搜索的关键词发送到目标服务器的search.asp页面中,则在搜索结果的返回页面中,这段脚本将被当作搜 索的关键词而嵌入。这样,当用户得到搜索结果页面后,这段脚本也得到了执行。这就是反射型XSS攻击的原理,可以看到,攻击者巧妙地通过反射型XSS的攻 击方式,达到了在受害者的浏览器上执行脚本的目的。由于代码注入的是一个动态产生的页面而不是永久的页面,因此这种攻击方式只在点击链接的时候才产生作 用,这也是它被称为非持久型XSS的原因。

2.存储型XSS

存储型XSS,又称持久型XSS,他和反射型XSS最大的不同就是,攻击脚本将被永久地存放在目标服务器的数据库和 文件中。这种攻击多见于论坛,攻击者在发帖的过程中,将恶意脚本连同正常信息一起注入到帖子的内容之中。随着帖子被论坛服务器存储下来,恶意脚本也永久地 被存放在论坛服务器的后端存储器中。当其它用户浏览这个被注入了恶意脚本的帖子的时候,恶意脚本则会在他们的浏览器中得到执行,从而受到了攻击。

可 以看到,存储型XSS的攻击方式能够将恶意代码永久地嵌入一个页面当中,所有访问这个页面的用户都将成为受害者。如果我们能够谨慎对待不明链接,那么反射 型的XSS攻击将没有多大作为,而存储型XSS则不同,由于它注入的往往是一些我们所信任的页面,因此无论我们多么小心,都难免会受到攻击。可以说,存储 型XSS更具有隐蔽性,带来的危害也更大,除非服务器能完全阻止注入,否则任何人都很有可能受到攻击。

xss攻击的危害有哪些?

跨站脚本 ( Cross-Site Scriptin ) 简称xss,是由于Web应用程序对用户的输入过滤不足而产生的.攻击者利用网站漏洞把恶意的脚本代码(通常包括HTML代码和客户端 Javascript脚本)注入到网页之中,当其他用户浏览这些网页时,就会执行其中的恶意代码,对受害用户可能采取 Cookie资料窃取、会话劫持、钓鱼欺骗等各种攻击。

其危害有:

1、网络钓鱼,包括盗取各类用户账号;

2、窃取用户cookies资料,从而获取用户隐私信息,或利用用户身份进一步对网站执行操作;

3、劫持用户(浏览器)会话,从而执行任意操作,例如进行非法转账、强制发表日志、发送电子邮件等;

4、强制弹出广告页面、刷流量等;

5、网页挂马,进行恶意操作,例如任意篡改页面信息、删除文章等;

6、进行大量的客户端攻击,如DDoS攻击;

7、获取客户端信息,例如用户的浏览历史、真实IP、开放端口等;

8、控制受害者机器向其他网站发起攻击;

9、结合其他漏洞,如CSRF漏洞,进一步入侵和破坏系统;

10、提升用户权限,包括进一步渗透网站;

11、传播跨站脚本蠕虫等;

xss漏洞类型有哪些?

大家好,大家经常听到XSS攻击这个词,那么XSS攻击到底是什么,以及如何防御XSS攻击大家清楚么?今天,天下数据就给大家讲一下:XSS攻击的定义、类型以及防御方法。

什么是XSS攻击?

XSS攻击全称跨站脚本攻击,是一种在web应用中的计算机安全漏洞,它允许恶意web用户将代码植入到提供给其它用户使用的页面中。

XSS攻击有哪几种类型?

常见的 XSS 攻击有三种:反射型XSS攻击、DOM-based 型XXS攻击以及存储型XSS攻击。

1.反射型XSS攻击

反射型 XSS 一般是攻击者通过特定手法(如电子邮件),诱使用户去访问一个包含恶意代码的 URL,当受害者点击这些专门设计的链接的时候,恶意代码会直接在受害者主机上的浏览器执行。反射型XSS通常出现在网站的搜索栏、用户登录口等地方,常用来窃取客户端 Cookies 或进行钓鱼欺骗。

2.存储型XSS攻击

也叫持久型XSS,主要将XSS代码提交存储在服务器端(数据库,内存,文件系统等),下次请求目标页面时不用再提交XSS代码。当目标用户访问该页面获取数据时,XSS代码会从服务器解析之后加载出来,返回到浏览器做正常的HTML和JS解析执行,XSS攻击就发生了。存储型 XSS 一般出现在网站留言、评论、博客日志等交互处,恶意脚本存储到客户端或者服务端的数据库中。

3.DOM-based 型XSS攻击

基于 DOM 的 XSS 攻击是指通过恶意脚本修改页面的 DOM 结构,是纯粹发生在客户端的攻击。DOM 型 XSS 攻击中,取出和执行恶意代码由浏览器端完成,属于前端 JavaScript 自身的安全漏洞。

如何防御XSS攻击?

1. 对输入内容的特定字符进行编码,例如表示 html标记的 等符号。

2. 对重要的 cookie设置 httpOnly, 防止客户端通过document.cookie读取 cookie,此 HTTP头由服务端设置。

3. 将不可信的值输出 URL参数之前,进行 URLEncode操作,而对于从 URL参数中获取值一定要进行格式检测(比如你需要的时URL,就判读是否满足URL格式)。

4. 不要使用 Eval来解析并运行不确定的数据或代码,对于 JSON解析请使用 JSON.parse() 方法。

5. 后端接口也应该要做到关键字符过滤的问题。

以上,是天下数据给大家分享的关于XSS攻击的全部内容,大家记得收藏方便以后查看哦。

如今,各种类型网络攻击日益频繁,除了XSS攻击之外,比较常见的网络攻击类型还包括DDoS攻击、CC攻击等,它们非常难以防御,除了需要做好日常网络安全防护之外,还需要接入高防服务,可以接入天下数据高防cdn,通过天下数据高防cdn隐藏源IP,对攻击流量进行清洗,保障企业网络及业务的正常运行。

xss攻击类型包括那些?

从攻击代码的工作方式可以分为三个类型:

(1)持久型跨站:最直接的危害类型,跨站代码存储在服务器(数据库)。

(2)非持久型跨站:反射型跨站脚本漏洞,最普遍的类型。用户访问服务器-跨站链接-返回跨站代码。

(3)DOM跨站(DOM XSS):DOM(document object model文档对象模型),客户端脚本处理逻辑导致的安全问题。

基于DOM的XSS漏洞是指受害者端的网页脚本在修改本地页面DOM环境时未进行合理的处置,而使得攻击脚本被执行。在整个攻击过程中,服务器响应的页面并没有发生变化,引起客户端脚本执行结果差异的原因是对本地DOM的恶意篡改利用。

常用的XSS攻击手段和目的有:

1、盗用cookie,获取敏感信息。

2、利用植入Flash,通过crossdomain权限设置进一步获取更高权限;或者利用Java等得到类似的操作。

3、利用iframe、frame、XMLHttpRequest或上述Flash等方式,以用户的身份执行一些管理动作,或执行一些一般的如发微博、加好友、发私信等操作。

4、利用可被攻击的域受到其他域信任的特点,以受信任来源的身份请求一些平时不允许的操作,如进行不当的投票活动。

5、在访问量极大的一些页面上的XSS可以攻击一些小型网站,实现DDos攻击的效果。

什么是xss攻击?

一、什么是跨站脚本攻击

跨站脚本攻击(Cross Site Scripting)缩写为CSS,但这会与层叠样式表(Cascading Style Sheets,CSS)的缩写混淆。通常将跨站脚本攻击缩写为XSS。

跨站脚本攻击(XSS),是最普遍的Web应用安全漏洞。这类漏洞能够使得攻击者嵌入恶意脚本代码到正常用户会访问到的页面中,当正常用户访问该页面时,则可导致嵌入的恶意脚本代码的执行,从而达到恶意攻击用户的目的。

二、跨站脚本攻击的种类

从攻击代码的工作方式可以分为三个类型:

1、持久型跨站:最直接的危害类型,跨站代码存储在服务器(数据库)。

2、非持久型跨站:反射型跨站脚本漏洞,最普遍的类型。用户访问服务器-跨站链接-返回跨站代码。

3、DOM跨站(DOM XSS):DOM(document object model文档对象模型),客户端脚本处理逻辑导致的安全问题。

三、跨站脚本攻击的手段和目的

常用的XSS攻击手段和目的有:

1、盗用cookie,获取敏感信息。

2、利用植入Flash,通过crossdomain权限设置进一步获取更高权限;或者利用Java等得到类似的操作。

3、利用iframe、frame、XMLHttpRequest或上述Flash等方式,以(被攻击)用户的身份执行一些管理动作,或执行一些一般的如发微博、加好友、发私信等操作。

4、利用可被攻击的域受到其他域信任的特点,以受信任来源的身份请求一些平时不允许的操作,如进行不当的投票活动。

5、在访问量极大的一些页面上的XSS可以攻击一些小型网站,实现DDoS攻击的效果。

四、跨站脚本攻击的防御

XSS攻击主要是由程序漏洞造成的,要完全防止XSS安全漏洞主要依靠程序员较高的编程能力和安全意识,当然安全的软件开发流程及其他一些编程安全原则也可以大大减少XSS安全漏洞的发生。这些防范XSS漏洞原则包括:

1、不信任用户提交的任何内容,对所有用户提交内容进行可靠的输入验证,包括对URL、查询关键字、HTTP头、REFER、POST数据等,仅接受指定长度范围内、采用适当格式、采用所预期的字符的内容提交,对其他的一律过滤。尽量采用POST而非GET提交表单;对“”,“”,“;”,“””等字符做过滤;任何内容输出到页面之前都必须加以en-code,避免不小心把htmltag显示出来。

2、实现Session 标记(session tokens)、CAPTCHA(验证码)系统或者HTTP引用头检查,以防功能被第三方网站所执行,对于用户提交信息的中的img等link,检查是否有重定向回本站、不是真的图片等可疑操作。

3、cookie 防盗。避免直接在cookie中泄露用户隐私,例如email、密码,等等;通过使cookie和系统IP绑定来降低cookie泄露后的危险。这样攻击者得到的cookie没有实际价值,很难拿来直接进行重放攻击。

4、确认接收的内容被妥善地规范化,仅包含最小的、安全的Tag(没有JavaScript),去掉任何对远程内容的引用(尤其是样式表和JavaScript),使用HTTPonly的cookie。

XSS攻击的定义,类型以及防御方法?

XXS攻击全称跨站脚本攻击,是一种在Web应用中的计算机安全漏洞,它允许恶意Web用户将代码植入到提供给其他使用的页面中。

XSS攻击有哪几种类型?下面就由锐速云的小编为大家介绍一下

经常见到XSS攻击有三种:反射XSS攻击、DOM-based型XSS攻击以及储存型XSS攻击。

[if !supportLists]1、[endif]反射型XSS攻击

反射性XSS一般是攻击者通过特定手法(如电子邮件),诱使用户去访问一个包含恶意代码的URL,当受害者点击这些专门设计链接的时候,恶意代码会直接在受害主机上的浏览器上执行,反射型XSS通常出现在网站搜索栏,用户登入口等地方,常用来窃取客户端或进行钓鱼欺骗。

[if !supportLists]2、[endif]存储型XSS攻击

存储型XSS攻击也叫持久型XSS,主要将XSS代码提交储存在服务器端(数据库,内存,文件系统等)下次请求目标页面时不用在提交XSS代码。当目标用户访问该页面获取数据时,XSS代码会从服务器解析之后加载出来,返回到浏览器做正常的HTML和JS解析执行,XSS攻击就发生了。储存型XSS一般出现在网站留言,评论,博客日志等交互处,恶意脚本储存到客户端或者服务端的数据库中。

[if !supportLists]3、[endif]DOM-based型XSS攻击

DOM-based型XSS攻击它是基于DOM的XSS攻击是指通过恶意脚本修改页面的DOM结构,是纯粹发生在客户端的攻击。DOM型XSS攻击中,取出和执行恶意代码由浏览器端完成,属于前端JavaScript自身的安全漏洞。

如何防御XSS攻击?

[if !supportLists]1、[endif]对输入内容的特定字符进行编码,列如表示html标记等符号。

[if !supportLists]2、[endif]对重要的cookie设置httpOnly,防止客户端通过document。cookie读取cookie,此HTTP开头由服务端设置。

[if !supportLists]3、[endif]将不可信的输出URT参数之前,进行URLEncode操作,而对于从URL参数中获取值一定要进行格式检查

[if !supportLists]4、[endif]不要使用Eval来解析并运行不确定的数据或代码,对于JSON解析请使用JSON。Parse()方法

[if !supportLists]5、[endif]后端接口也应该要做到关键字符过滤的问题。

我来说两句
黑客技术 3年前 (2022-05-30) | 回复
见于论坛,攻击者在发帖的过程中,将恶意脚本连同正常信息一起注入到帖子的内容之中。随着帖子被论坛服务器存储下来,恶意脚本也永久地 被存放在论坛服务器的后端存储器中。当其它用户浏览这个被注入了恶意脚本的帖子的时候,恶意脚本则会在他们的浏览器中得到执行,从而受到了攻击。
黑客技术 3年前 (2022-05-30) | 回复
SS攻击将没有多大作为,而存储型XSS则不同,由于它注入的往往是一些我们所信任的页面,因此无论我们多么小心,都难免会受到攻击。可以说,存储 型XSS更具有隐蔽性,带来的
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jordans 11个月前 (01-16) | 回复
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palmangels 11个月前 (01-19) | 回复
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supremehoodie 11个月前 (01-20) | 回复
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supremeshirt 11个月前 (01-22) | 回复
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goyard 11个月前 (01-23) | 回复
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curryshoes 11个月前 (01-24) | 回复
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