js防止xss攻击方法(防止xss攻击方法前端)

今日热点 2022年05月30日
本文导读目录:

如何有效防止XSS攻击/AJAX跨域攻击

1,利用字符过滤漏洞,提交恶意js代码,当用户打开页面时执行

2,需要填写图片地址或css等直接在页面加载时执行的地方,填写恶意js [javascript:xxxx],当用户打开包含图片的页面时,可以执行js。比如GET s1.game.com/fight/:id 表示发兵到某个用户,虽然做了用户验证,但没做来源验证,用户只需将这个地址发到同用户的论坛作为图片地址即可执行

3,通过跳转页面漏洞,比如 refer.php?message=xxxx ,页面上直接用 $_GET['message'] 的话,就会造成xss漏洞,把message的参数换成js代码或恶意网址,即可盗取用户cookie,或执行恶意js,或跳转到钓鱼页面等

4,利用浏览器或服务器0day漏洞

1,XSS主要是你的页面可以运行用户写的js,所以对所有的用户提交的数据进行过滤,对于判断用户是否登录状态的cookie信息进行加密,并且加上Ip信息,这样基本被盗取也无法获取登录权限

2,对update或delete的操作采用post方式提交,每次form里加一个唯一验证字符串,用hiden方式提交,用于服务器验证是否来自用户客户端

3,跳转程序需要对传递的url进行匹配判断,只允许特定的格式

4,时常关注安全方面的消息,一有漏洞即刻不上

如何防止xss攻击,需要过滤什么

XSS攻击通常是指黑客通过"HTML注入"篡改了网页,插入了恶意的脚本,从而在用户浏览网页时,控制用户浏览器的一种攻击。

一、HttpOnly防止劫取Cookie

HttpOnly最早由微软提出,至今已经成为一个标准。浏览器将禁止页面的Javascript访问带有HttpOnly属性的Cookie。目前主流浏览器都支持,HttpOnly解决是XSS后的Cookie支持攻击。

我们来看下百度有没有使用。

未登录时的Cookie信息

可以看到,所有Cookie都没有设置HttpOnly,现在我登录下

发现在个叫BDUSS的Cookie设置了HttpOnly。可以猜测此Cookie用于认证。

下面我用PHP来实现下:

?php

header("Set-Cookie: cookie1=test1;");

header("Set-Cookie: cookie2=test2;httponly",false);

setcookie('cookie3','test3',NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,false);

setcookie('cookie4','test4',NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,true);

?

script

alert(document.cookie);

/script

js只能读到没有HttpOnly标识的Cookie

二、输入检查

输入检查一般是检查用户输入的数据中是否包含一些特殊字符,如、、'、"等,如果发现存在特殊字符,则将这些字符过滤或者编码。

例如网站注册经常用户名只允许字母和数字的组合,或者邮箱电话,我们会在前端用js进行检查,但在服务器端代码必须再次检查一次,因为客户端的检查很容易绕过。

网上有许多开源的“XSS Filter”的实现,但是它们应该选择性的使用,因为它们对特殊字符的过滤可能并非数据的本意。比如一款php的lib_filter类:

$filter = new lib_filter();

echo $filter-go('1+11');

它输出的是1,这大大歪曲了数据的语义,因此什么情况应该对哪些字符进行过滤应该适情况而定。

三、输出检查

大多人都知道输入需要做检查,但却忽略了输出检查。

1、在HTML标签中输出

如代码:

?php

$a = "scriptalert(1);/script";

$b = "img src=# onerror=alert(2) /";

?

div?=$b?/div

a href="#"?=$a?/a

这样客户端受到xss攻击,解决方法就是对变量使用htmlEncode,php中的函数是htmlentities

?php

$a = "scriptalert(1);/script";

$b = "img src=# onerror=alert(2) /";

?

div?=htmlentities($b)?/div

a href="#"?=htmlentities($a)?/a

2、在HTML属性中输出

div id="div" name ="$var"/div

这种情况防御也是使用htmlEncode

在owasp-php中实现:

$immune_htmlattr = array(',', '.', '-', '_');

$this-htmlEntityCodec-encode($this-immune_htmlattr, "\"script123123;/script\"");

3、在script标签中输出

如代码:

?php

$c = "1;alert(3)";

?

script type="text/javascript"

var c = ?=$c?;

/script

这样xss又生效了。首先js变量输出一定要在引号内,但是如果我$c = "\"abc;alert(123);//",你会发现放引号中都没用,自带的函数都不能很好的满足。这时只能使用一个更加严格的JavascriptEncode函数来保证安全——除数字、字母外的所有字符,都使用十六进制"\xHH"的方式进行编码。这里我采用开源的owasp-php方法来实现

$immune = array("");

echo $this-javascriptCodec-encode($immune, "\"abc;alert(123);//");

最后输出\x22abc\x3Balert\x28123\x29\x3B\x2F\x2F

4、在事件中输出

a href="#" onclick="funcA('$var')" test/a

可能攻击方法

a href="#" onclick="funcA('');alter(/xss/;//')"test/a

这个其实就是写在script中,所以跟3防御相同

5、在css中输出

在owasp-php中实现:

$immune = array("");

$this-cssCodec-encode($immune, 'background:expression(window.x?0:(alert(/XSS/),window.x=1));');

6、在地址中输出

先确保变量是否是"http"开头,然后再使用js的encodeURI或encodeURIComponent方法。

在owasp-php中实现:

$instance = ESAPI::getEncoder();

$instance-encodeForURL(‘url’);

四、处理富文体

就像我写这篇博客,我几乎可以随意输入任意字符,插入图片,插入代码,还可以设置样式。这个时要做的就是设置好白名单,严格控制标签。能自定义 css件麻烦事,因此最好使用成熟的开源框架来检查。php可以使用htmlpurify

五、防御DOM Based XSS

DOM Based XSS是从javascript中输出数据到HTML页面里。

script

var x = "$var";

document.write("a href='"+x+"'test/a");

/script

按照三中输出检查用到的防御方法,在x赋值时进行编码,但是当document.write输出数据到HTML时,浏览器重新渲染了页面,会将x进行解码,因此这么一来,相当于没有编码,而产生xss。

防御方法:首先,还是应该做输出防御编码的,但后面如果是输出到事件或脚本,则要再做一次javascriptEncode编码,如果是输出到HTML内容或属性,则要做一次HTMLEncode。

会触发DOM Based XSS的地方有很多:

document.write()、document.writeln()、xxx.innerHTML=、xxx.outerHTML=、innerHTML.replace、document.attachEvent()、window.attachEvent()、document.location.replace()、document.location.assign()

XSS攻击的定义,类型以及防御方法?

XXS攻击全称跨站脚本攻击,是一种在Web应用中的计算机安全漏洞,它允许恶意Web用户将代码植入到提供给其他使用的页面中。

XSS攻击有哪几种类型?下面就由锐速云的小编为大家介绍一下

经常见到XSS攻击有三种:反射XSS攻击、DOM-based型XSS攻击以及储存型XSS攻击。

[if !supportLists]1、[endif]反射型XSS攻击

反射性XSS一般是攻击者通过特定手法(如电子邮件),诱使用户去访问一个包含恶意代码的URL,当受害者点击这些专门设计链接的时候,恶意代码会直接在受害主机上的浏览器上执行,反射型XSS通常出现在网站搜索栏,用户登入口等地方,常用来窃取客户端或进行钓鱼欺骗。

[if !supportLists]2、[endif]存储型XSS攻击

存储型XSS攻击也叫持久型XSS,主要将XSS代码提交储存在服务器端(数据库,内存,文件系统等)下次请求目标页面时不用在提交XSS代码。当目标用户访问该页面获取数据时,XSS代码会从服务器解析之后加载出来,返回到浏览器做正常的HTML和JS解析执行,XSS攻击就发生了。储存型XSS一般出现在网站留言,评论,博客日志等交互处,恶意脚本储存到客户端或者服务端的数据库中。

[if !supportLists]3、[endif]DOM-based型XSS攻击

DOM-based型XSS攻击它是基于DOM的XSS攻击是指通过恶意脚本修改页面的DOM结构,是纯粹发生在客户端的攻击。DOM型XSS攻击中,取出和执行恶意代码由浏览器端完成,属于前端JavaScript自身的安全漏洞。

如何防御XSS攻击?

[if !supportLists]1、[endif]对输入内容的特定字符进行编码,列如表示html标记等符号。

[if !supportLists]2、[endif]对重要的cookie设置httpOnly,防止客户端通过document。cookie读取cookie,此HTTP开头由服务端设置。

[if !supportLists]3、[endif]将不可信的输出URT参数之前,进行URLEncode操作,而对于从URL参数中获取值一定要进行格式检查

[if !supportLists]4、[endif]不要使用Eval来解析并运行不确定的数据或代码,对于JSON解析请使用JSON。Parse()方法

[if !supportLists]5、[endif]后端接口也应该要做到关键字符过滤的问题。

如何正确防御xss攻击

XSS攻击通常是指黑客通过"HTML注入"篡改了网页,插入了恶意的脚本,从而在用户浏览网页时,控制用户浏览器的一种攻击。

一、HttpOnly防止劫取Cookie

HttpOnly最早由微软提出,至今已经成为一个标准。浏览器将禁止页面的Javascript访问带有HttpOnly属性的Cookie。目前主流浏览器都支持,HttpOnly解决是XSS后的Cookie支持攻击。

我们来看下百度有没有使用。

未登录时的Cookie信息

可以看到,所有Cookie都没有设置HttpOnly,现在我登录下

发现在个叫BDUSS的Cookie设置了HttpOnly。可以猜测此Cookie用于认证。

下面我用PHP来实现下:

?php

header("Set-Cookie: cookie1=test1;");

header("Set-Cookie: cookie2=test2;httponly",false);

setcookie('cookie3','test3',NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,false);

setcookie('cookie4','test4',NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,true);

?

script

alert(document.cookie);

/script

js只能读到没有HttpOnly标识的Cookie

二、输入检查

输入检查一般是检查用户输入的数据中是否包含一些特殊字符,如、、'、"等,如果发现存在特殊字符,则将这些字符过滤或者编码。

例如网站注册经常用户名只允许字母和数字的组合,或者邮箱电话,我们会在前端用js进行检查,但在服务器端代码必须再次检查一次,因为客户端的检查很容易绕过。

网上有许多开源的“XSS Filter”的实现,但是它们应该选择性的使用,因为它们对特殊字符的过滤可能并非数据的本意。比如一款php的lib_filter类:

$filter = new lib_filter();

echo $filter-go('1+11');

它输出的是1,这大大歪曲了数据的语义,因此什么情况应该对哪些字符进行过滤应该适情况而定。

三、输出检查

大多人都知道输入需要做检查,但却忽略了输出检查。

1、在HTML标签中输出

如代码:

?php

$a = "scriptalert(1);/script";

$b = "img src=# onerror=alert(2) /";

?

div?=$b?/div

a href="#"?=$a?/a

这样客户端受到xss攻击,解决方法就是对变量使用htmlEncode,php中的函数是htmlentities

?php

$a = "scriptalert(1);/script";

$b = "img src=# onerror=alert(2) /";

?

div?=htmlentities($b)?/div

a href="#"?=htmlentities($a)?/a

2、在HTML属性中输出

div id="div" name ="$var"/div

这种情况防御也是使用htmlEncode

在owasp-php中实现:

$immune_htmlattr = array(',', '.', '-', '_');

$this-htmlEntityCodec-encode($this-immune_htmlattr, "\"script123123;/script\"");

3、在script标签中输出

如代码:

?php

$c = "1;alert(3)";

?

script type="text/javascript"

var c = ?=$c?;

/script

这样xss又生效了。首先js变量输出一定要在引号内,但是如果我$c = "\"abc;alert(123);//",你会发现放引号中都没用,自带的函数都不能很好的满足。这时只能使用一个更加严格的JavascriptEncode函数来保证安全——除数字、字母外的所有字符,都使用十六进制"\xHH"的方式进行编码。这里我采用开源的owasp-php方法来实现

$immune = array("");

echo $this-javascriptCodec-encode($immune, "\"abc;alert(123);//");

最后输出\x22abc\x3Balert\x28123\x29\x3B\x2F\x2F

4、在事件中输出

a href="#" onclick="funcA('$var')" test/a

可能攻击方法

a href="#" onclick="funcA('');alter(/xss/;//')"test/a

这个其实就是写在script中,所以跟3防御相同

5、在css中输出

在owasp-php中实现:

$immune = array("");

$this-cssCodec-encode($immune, 'background:expression(window.x?0:(alert(/XSS/),window.x=1));');

6、在地址中输出

先确保变量是否是"http"开头,然后再使用js的encodeURI或encodeURIComponent方法。

在owasp-php中实现:

$instance = ESAPI::getEncoder();

$instance-encodeForURL(‘url’);

四、处理富文体

就像我写这篇博客,我几乎可以随意输入任意字符,插入图片,插入代码,还可以设置样式。这个时要做的就是设置好白名单,严格控制标签。能自定义 css件麻烦事,因此最好使用成熟的开源框架来检查。php可以使用htmlpurify

五、防御DOM Based XSS

DOM Based XSS是从javascript中输出数据到HTML页面里。

script

var x = "$var";

document.write("a href='"+x+"'test/a");

/script

按照三中输出检查用到的防御方法,在x赋值时进行编码,但是当document.write输出数据到HTML时,浏览器重新渲染了页面,会将x进行解码,因此这么一来,相当于没有编码,而产生xss。

防御方法:首先,还是应该做输出防御编码的,但后面如果是输出到事件或脚本,则要再做一次javascriptEncode编码,如果是输出到HTML内容或属性,则要做一次HTMLEncode。

会触发DOM Based XSS的地方有很多:

document.write()、document.writeln()、xxx.innerHTML=、xxx.outerHTML=、innerHTML.replace、document.attachEvent()、window.attachEvent()、document.location.replace()、document.location.assign()

请教各位大神关于从js写法上避免xss攻击的问题

XSS攻击通常是指黑客通过"HTML注入"篡改了网页,插入了恶意的脚本,从而在用户浏览网页时,控制用户浏览器的一种攻击。

一、HttpOnly防止劫取Cookie

HttpOnly最早由微软提出,至今已经成为一个标准。浏览器将禁止页面的Javascript访问带有HttpOnly属性的Cookie。目前主流浏览器都支持,HttpOnly解决是XSS后的Cookie支持攻击。

我们来看下百度有没有使用。

未登录时的Cookie信息

可以看到,所有Cookie都没有设置HttpOnly,现在我登录下

发现在个叫BDUSS的Cookie设置了HttpOnly。可以猜测此Cookie用于认证。

下面我用PHP来实现下:

?php

header("Set-Cookie: cookie1=test1;");

header("Set-Cookie: cookie2=test2;httponly",false);

setcookie('cookie3','test3',NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,false);

setcookie('cookie4','test4',NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,true);

?

script

alert(document.cookie);

/script

js只能读到没有HttpOnly标识的Cookie

二、输入检查

输入检查一般是检查用户输入的数据中是否包含一些特殊字符,如、、'、"等,如果发现存在特殊字符,则将这些字符过滤或者编码。

例如网站注册经常用户名只允许字母和数字的组合,或者邮箱电话,我们会在前端用js进行检查,但在服务器端代码必须再次检查一次,因为客户端的检查很容易绕过。

网上有许多开源的“XSS Filter”的实现,但是它们应该选择性的使用,因为它们对特殊字符的过滤可能并非数据的本意。比如一款php的lib_filter类:

$filter = new lib_filter();

echo $filter-go('1+11');

它输出的是1,这大大歪曲了数据的语义,因此什么情况应该对哪些字符进行过滤应该适情况而定。

三、输出检查

大多人都知道输入需要做检查,但却忽略了输出检查。

1、在HTML标签中输出

如代码:

?php

$a = "scriptalert(1);/script";

$b = "img src=# onerror=alert(2) /";

?

div?=$b?/div

a href="#"?=$a?/a

这样客户端受到xss攻击,解决方法就是对变量使用htmlEncode,php中的函数是htmlentities

?php

$a = "scriptalert(1);/script";

$b = "img src=# onerror=alert(2) /";

?

div?=htmlentities($b)?/div

a href="#"?=htmlentities($a)?/a

2、在HTML属性中输出

div id="div" name ="$var"/div

这种情况防御也是使用htmlEncode

在owasp-php中实现:

$immune_htmlattr = array(',', '.', '-', '_');

$this-htmlEntityCodec-encode($this-immune_htmlattr, "\"script123123;/script\"");

3、在script标签中输出

如代码:

?php

$c = "1;alert(3)";

?

script type="text/javascript"

var c = ?=$c?;

/script

这样xss又生效了。首先js变量输出一定要在引号内,但是如果我$c = "\"abc;alert(123);//",你会发现放引号中都没用,自带的函数都不能很好的满足。这时只能使用一个更加严格的JavascriptEncode函数来保证安全——除数字、字母外的所有字符,都使用十六进制"\xHH"的方式进行编码。这里我采用开源的owasp-php方法来实现

$immune = array("");

echo $this-javascriptCodec-encode($immune, "\"abc;alert(123);//");

最后输出\x22abc\x3Balert\x28123\x29\x3B\x2F\x2F

4、在事件中输出

a href="#" onclick="funcA('$var')" test/a

可能攻击方法

a href="#" onclick="funcA('');alter(/xss/;//')"test/a

这个其实就是写在script中,所以跟3防御相同

5、在css中输出

在owasp-php中实现:

$immune = array("");

$this-cssCodec-encode($immune, 'background:expression(window.x?0:(alert(/XSS/),window.x=1));');

6、在地址中输出

先确保变量是否是"http"开头,然后再使用js的encodeURI或encodeURIComponent方法。

在owasp-php中实现:

$instance = ESAPI::getEncoder();

$instance-encodeForURL(‘url’);

四、处理富文体

就像我写这篇博客,我几乎可以随意输入任意字符,插入图片,插入代码,还可以设置样式。这个时要做的就是设置好白名单,严格控制标签。能自定义 css件麻烦事,因此最好使用成熟的开源框架来检查。php可以使用htmlpurify

五、防御DOM Based XSS

DOM Based XSS是从javascript中输出数据到HTML页面里。

script

var x = "$var";

document.write("a href='"+x+"'test/a");

/script

按照三中输出检查用到的防御方法,在x赋值时进行编码,但是当document.write输出数据到HTML时,浏览器重新渲染了页面,会将x进行解码,因此这么一来,相当于没有编码,而产生xss。

防御方法:首先,还是应该做输出防御编码的,但后面如果是输出到事件或脚本,则要再做一次javascriptEncode编码,如果是输出到HTML内容或属性,则要做一次HTMLEncode。

会触发DOM Based XSS的地方有很多:

document.write()、document.writeln()、xxx.innerHTML=、xxx.outerHTML=、innerHTML.replace、document.attachEvent()、window.attachEvent()、document.location.replace()、document.location.assign()

我来说两句
黑客技术 3年前 (2022-05-30) | 回复
Only,防止客户端通过document。cookie读取cookie,此HTTP开头由服务端设置。[if !supportLists]3、[endif]将不可信的输出URT参数之前,进行URLEncode操作,而对于从URL参数中获取值一定要进行
supremeoutlet 1年前 (2023-11-24) | 回复
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supremenewyork 1年前 (2023-12-09) | 回复
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offwhiteoutlet 12个月前 (12-29) | 回复
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fearofgod 11个月前 (01-11) | 回复
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goyardbag 11个月前 (01-14) | 回复
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kevindurantshoes 11个月前 (01-18) | 回复
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hermesbirkin 11个月前 (01-18) | 回复
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offwhitejordan1 11个月前 (01-19) | 回复
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airjordan 11个月前 (01-20) | 回复
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curryshoes 11个月前 (01-21) | 回复
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kyrieshoes 11个月前 (01-23) | 回复
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jordanshoes 11个月前 (01-24) | 回复
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